Heat of Crystallization Calculator
Calculate the heat energy released when a solution forms solid crystals during phase change. Perfect for chemistry labs, pharmaceutical processing, and crystallization studies.
Crystallization Parameters
Crystallization Heat Results
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Select substance and enter parameters to calculate crystallization heat
Understanding Heat of Crystallization
Heat of crystallization is the energy released when a solution or melt forms solid crystals. This exothermic process occurs when dissolved substances come out of solution as ordered crystal structures, releasing the energy that was used to keep them in solution.
The amount of heat released depends on the mass or moles of crystallizing substance and its characteristic heat of crystallization. This process is important in chemistry labs, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and industrial crystallization processes.
Heat of Crystallization Formula
Alternative: Q = Moles × (Heat kJ/mol)
The formula shows that the total heat released is directly proportional to the amount of substance crystallizing. The heat of crystallization is a characteristic property of each substance, measured in energy per unit mass or per mole.
Crystallization Heat Examples
| Substance | Mass (kg) | Heat (kJ/kg) | Heat Released (kJ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | 1.0 | 66 | 66 |
| Alum | 0.5 | 90 | 45 |
| Urea | 2.0 | 57 | 114 |
| Sugar | 1.5 | 110 | 165 |
| Custom Salt | 0.8 | 72 | 57.6 |
| Potassium Nitrate | 1.2 | 95 | 114 |
| Copper Sulfate | 0.7 | 85 | 59.5 |
| Ammonium Chloride | 1.8 | 42 | 75.6 |
| Sodium Sulfate | 2.5 | 78 | 195 |
| Potassium Chloride | 1.3 | 68 | 88.4 |
| Magnesium Sulfate | 0.9 | 75 | 67.5 |
| Calcium Chloride | 1.6 | 82 | 131.2 |
| Sodium Carbonate | 2.2 | 55 | 121 |
| Ammonium Sulfate | 1.4 | 48 | 67.2 |
| Zinc Sulfate | 0.6 | 88 | 52.8 |
| Ferric Chloride | 1.1 | 92 | 101.2 |
| Sodium Thiosulfate | 2.8 | 35 | 98 |
| Potassium Bromide | 1.7 | 61 | 103.7 |
| Barium Chloride | 0.4 | 96 | 38.4 |
| Lithium Chloride | 1.9 | 45 | 85.5 |
| Strontium Nitrate | 2.3 | 52 | 119.6 |
| Nickel Sulfate | 0.3 | 105 | 31.5 |
| Cobalt Chloride | 1.0 | 98 | 98 |
| Manganese Sulfate | 2.1 | 76 | 159.6 |
These examples demonstrate how different substances release varying amounts of heat during crystallization. Sodium chloride (table salt) releases 66 kJ per kg when it crystallizes from solution, while sugar releases 110 kJ per kg.
How to Calculate Crystallization Heat
- Choose the substance: Select from common substances or enter custom values
- Determine the amount: Enter mass in kg or moles of substance crystallizing
- Apply the formula: Multiply by the heat of crystallization
- Consider temperature effects: Use solution parameters for temperature change calculations
This calculator automatically handles unit conversions between different systems, making it useful for chemists working with various measurement standards.
Heat of crystallization calculations are essential in pharmaceutical manufacturing, chemical processing, and laboratory work where precise thermal management of crystallization processes is required.